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Kenya's dairy sector is one of the most advanced in East Africa, and the second largest in Africa in terms of herd size. The industry remains an important part of the Kenyan agricultural economy, contributing 17 percent to agricultural GDP and 3.8 percent of the total national GDP. The sector is still largely informal, with only 15 percent of total milk processed in 2023.

This biannual report includes data on U.S. and global trade, production, consumption and stocks, as well as analysis of developments affecting world trade in dairy products.

In 2023, Hong Kong was the world’s nineth largest spirits importer. The city’s global imports surpassed pre-pandemic levels by 30 percent and reached a new record valued of $779 million. Last year, domestic consumption grew significantly as both on-trade and off-trade sales registered remarkable growth.

New labeling requirements for dairy products that may impact U.S. exports to Chile will come into effect on January 9, 2025.

The ongoing transformation of Saudi Arabia bodes well for the retail food sector. In 2023, the Saudi food retail market was estimated at more than $51 billion and projected to increase by more than 5 percent annually in the coming years due to the continued urbanization, growing population, changing shopping habits, expansion of physical store locations , and increasing popularity of online platforms.

In 2023, the agri-food market in France was still impacted by inflation, recorded at 3.8 percent. Price increases most severely impacted the lower income strata of society and cut into their ability to purchase. Many consumers are still moving away from big brands to less expensive distributor brands.

In 2024, China’s pet (dog and cat) consumer market reached $41.9 billion (302 billion yuan), an increase of 7.5 percent compared with 2023. Despite the economic headwinds faced by Chinese consumers, China’s pet consumer market demonstrated resilience and steady growth following a 10-year period of rapid growth.

In Spain, wine is an important part of the economy, society, landscape, culture and gastronomy. Spain boasts the world’s largest vine area and is the third largest wine producer in the European Union (EU), after France and Italy.

Under a new policy, importers of wine and distilled spirits whose domestic agents are registered within the Shanghai Free Trade Zone are no longer required to register the U.S. producer name and brand as a trademark in China prior to commercial sales.

This annual report includes information on U.S. and global imports of dairy products, including maximum quantities that can be imported under tariff-rate quota licensing.