Browse Data and Analysis

Turkiye is among the world’s leading economies and home to a young, mostly urban population of 85.7 million people. This dynamic has fueled the country’s rising demand for consumer-oriented agricultural products.

Türkiye’s citrus sector is facing significant challenges in the 2025/26 marketing year, with orange and lemon production sharply reduced due to severe frost and extreme weather, while tangerine output is expected to rebound thanks to resilient early varieties.

On December 31st last year, the Turkish Ministry of Trade published its 2026 tariff schedule for all commodities including agricultural products. Depending on the prevailing market conditions, the Trade Ministry may at any time during the year decide to adjust tariff rates for selected agricultural product imports.

Türkiye’s Biosafety Law continues to threaten imports and imposes a heavy financial burden on the country’s agri-food sector. The number of approved of genetically engineered (GE) events remains arbitrarily fixed at 36 and only includes traits in corn and soy for feed use.

Turkey's cotton production for MY 2025/26 is forecast to decline, with estimates adjusted downward to 665,000 metric tons (MT) (3.05 million bales) due to economic and climate-related factors.

Turkiye’s fresh deciduous fruit sector faces significant challenges in MY 2025/26 due to severe weather events, including frost, drought, and hail, which have drastically reduced production levels for apples, pears, and table grapes.

In recent years, Türkiye has become a global leader in the agricultural re-export business, importing raw ingredients, processing them, and re-exporting billions of dollars in finished products, such as flour, vegetable oil, clothing, and furniture.

In marketing year (MY) 2025/26, Turkiye’s production of wheat and barley, which is mostly dry farmed, is forecast lower year-to-year because of unseasonably dry weather conditions.

Turkiye has been focusing on importing feeder cattle, which has not historically helped to increase herd numbers due to inefficient domestic production policies and weak animal health and farm management.

Turkiye’s beet sugar production in marketing year (MY) 2025/26 is forecast to decline year-over-year to about 2.9 million metric tons due to adverse weather conditions in the country’s beet growing areas.

Turkiye’s pistachio production in marketing year (MY) 2025/26 is forecast to decrease substantially due to multiple factors. This MY’s “off-year” crop will be less than half of last MY’s record high production.

Turkiye’s MY 2025/26 sunflowerseed crop is suffering from extreme drought and production levels are forecast to fall more than 10 percent from last year.