CAFTA-DR State Fact Sheets - Mississippi

United States Department of Agriculture
Foreign Agricultural Service

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STATE FACT SHEETS:
Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR)

Mississippi Farmers Will Benefit

May 2005

Exports of farm products help boost Mississippi’s farm prices and income. Such exports help support about 12,450 jobs both on and off the farm in food processing, storage, and transportation. In 2003, Mississippi’s farm cash receipts were $3.4 billion, and agricultural exports were estimated at $778 million, putting its reliance on agricultural exports at 23 percent. Implementation of the Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) will increase Mississippi’s exports of agricultural products.

Mississippi Benefits From the U.S.- CAFTA-DR Free Trade Agreement (FTA)

Despite over $1.6 billion in U.S. farm exports in 2003, CAFTA-DR countries continue to impose high tariffs and other barriers on most agricultural products, including Mississippi’s key exports. A primary U.S. objective was to change the "one-way-street" of duty-free access currently enjoyed by most CAFTA-DR exports into a "two-way-street" that provides U.S. suppliers with access to these markets and levels the playing field with other competitors. This objective was achieved. Over 50 agricultural industry and farm groups, including the American Farm Bureau support the FTA.

Poultry. As the state’s leading source of farm cash receipts ($1.4 billion) and the nation’s 5^th largest poultry exporter, Mississippi poultry producers benefit from the FTA.

U.S. poultry exporters currently face duties as high as 164 percent on both fresh and frozen products, and the WTO permits duties as high as 250 percent.

Each CAFTA-DR country will provide immediate duty-free access on chicken leg quarters, a product where the United States is the world’s most competitive exporter, through country-specific TRQs that expand annually as duties are eliminated in 17 to 20 years.

Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic will establish duty-free TRQs for chicken leg quarters totaling 850 metric tons, each expanding by 10 percent annually. The other four Central American countries will establish a total regional duty-free TRQ of 21,810 metric tons (with individual country minimum quota levels). After year 12, the TRQ quantity will be no less than 5 percent of regional chicken production.

Duties on poultry products such as wings, breast meat and mechanically de-boned poultry meat will be reduced more quickly, with many eliminated within 10 years.

CAFTA-DR countries are working toward the recognition of the U.S. meat inspection and certification systems in order to facilitate U.S. exports.

The National Chicken Council, the USA Poultry and Egg Export Council, and the National Turkey Federation have expressed support publicly for the CAFTA-DR FTA.

Rice. As the nation’s 4^th largest exporter of rice and with farm cash receipts of $82 million, Mississippi rice producers benefit from the FTA.

U.S. rice exports face CAFTA-DR duties up to 60 percent, and the WTO permits duties as high as 90 percent.

Each CAFTA-DR country will establish zero duty TRQs for milled rice, and rough rice in all except the Dominican Republic (which will have a TRQ for brown rice).

In the first year of the FTA, the TRQ access will total over 400,000 metric tons immediately and will grow through the tariff phase-out period.

The USA Rice Federation and U.S. Rice Producers Association have expressed support publicly for CAFTA-DR FTA.

Cotton. As the nation’s 3^rd largest exporter and 2^nd largest source of farm cash receipts at $517 million, Mississippi cotton farmers benefit from the FTA.

The FTA will lock-in immediately zero tariffs for markets worth $73.1 million to U.S. cotton suppliers.
Under the WTO, CAFTA-DR countries could raise duties on cotton to 35 to 60 percent, depending on the country.

Soybeans and Products. Providing nearly 10 percent of the state’s farm cash receipts ($309 million) and as the 3^rd largest export commodity, Mississippi soybean producers benefit from the FTA.

Central American and Dominican import duties range from zero to 20 percent, and the WTO permits duties as high 90 percent.

CAFTA-DR countries will provide immediate duty-free access for soybeans. Duties on soybean meal and flour will be eliminated immediately in most CAFTA-DR countries.

Most CAFTA-DR countries will immediately eliminate duties on crude soybean oil, and the current duties on refined soybean oil phased out over 12 to 15 years.

The American Soybean Association, the National Grain and Feed Association, and the National Oilseed Processors Association have expressed support publicly for the CAFTA-DR FTA.

Beef. Contributing $208 million in state farm cash receipts, Mississippi cattle and calve producers benefit from the FTA.

Current import duties on U.S. beef exports are as high as 30 percent, and the WTO permits duties as high as 79 percent.

Duties on the products most important to the U.S. beef industry – Prime and Choice cuts – will be eliminated immediately in Central American countries, while the Dominican Republic will establish a zero duty TRQ of 1,100 metric tons which expands annually as duties are eliminated.

Some immediate duty-free access will be provided by certain countries on other beef cuts through an initial TRQ totaling 1,165 metric tons, expanding annually until duties are fully phased-out.

Duties currently applied to other beef products and beef offals will be phased-out in 5 to 10 years.

CAFTA-DR countries are working toward the recognition of the U.S. meat inspection and certification systems in order to facilitate U.S. exports.

The American Meat Institute, the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association, the National Renderers Association, and the U.S. Meat Export Federation have expressed support publicly for the CAFTA-DR FTA.

Corn. As the state’s 7^th largest source of farm cash receipts at $154 million, Mississippi corn producers benefit from the FTA.

U.S. corn exporters face duties up to 35 percent, and the WTO permits duties as high as 75 percent.

Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic will eliminate their duty on yellow corn immediately. The other countries will provide preferential access through individual duty-free TRQs totaling 1,151,259 metric tons initially, growing by 5 percent per year as the over-quota duties are phased out over 15 years (10 years in the case of Guatemala).

All currently applied duties on corn products (including corn flour, corn gluten feed, corn oil and high fructose corn syrup) will be phased-out in 15 years.

The Corn Refiners Association, the National Corn Growers Association, the National Grain and Feed Association, the National Grains Trade Council, the North American Export Grain Association, the U.S. Grains Council, and the North American Millers Association have expressed support publicly for the CAFTA-DR FTA.

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